Nutritional risk of European elderly

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The elderly constitute a population group with a high prevalence of non-communicable chronicdiseases and high risk of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated to nutritional risk in free-livingEuropean elderly.SUBJECTS/METHODS: The sample included 644 European citizens, free living in the community, aged 65 years or more. Thesample was quota controlled for age groups (65-74, X75 years), gender (male/female) and living circumstances (living alone/withothers). Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with nutritional risk.RESULTS: Several variables regarding socio-demographic characteristics, food choice, health status and the satisfaction withfood-related life were included in the analysis. According to the recoded score of the 'Determine your nutritional health' (NSIchecklist), 53% of the elderly were at nutritional risk. Nutritional risk was more likely to occur in elderly who considered that it wasmore important to choose foods 'easy to chew'; with lower average number of fruit and vegetables (F&V) intake episodes and lowerscore for general health. It was also found in non-married participants; those that did not identify changes in their appetite; andthose that felt changes in health status. In this sample, the lowest nutritional risk was found for body mass index (BMI) around18.5 kg/m2. Country of residence, gender and age were not found to have a significant effect on nutritional risk.CONCLUSIONS: Attention should be drawn to the living circumstances, changes in appetite or health, the general heathperception, F&V intake, choice of foods easy to chew and having a low or high BMI.