Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10216/96205
Author(s): Damasceno, Albertino
Caupers, Paula
Santos, Alejandro
Lobo, Elsa
Sevene, Esperança
Bicho, Manuel
Polónia, Jorge
Title: Influence of salt intake on the daytime-nighttime blood pressure variation in normotensive and hypertensive black subjects
Issue Date: 2000
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of different salt-intake regimens on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure (daytime-night-time relationship) in normotensive and hypertensive black subjects with different patterns of salt sensitivity. METHODS: Randomized, cross-over study. Twenty normotensive (NT) and 27 hypertensive (HT) black subjects were kept on a low-sodium diet (30 mmol sodium/d, LS) and on a high-sodium diet (300 mmol sodium/d, HS) for 1 week each. On the last day of each regimen, 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed. RESULTS: Eight normotensives were classified as salt-sensitive (SS), all with haptoglobin phenotypes (FeHap) 1,1 or 1,2, and 12 as salt resistant (SR), 5 with FeHap 2,2. Seventeen hypertensives were classified as SS, all with FeHap 1,1 or 1,2, and 11 as SR, 2 with FeHap 2,2. Salt sensitivity criterium was: difference > 5 mmHg of 24 h mean blood pressure from low sodium to high sodium. The pattern of daytime-nighttime blood pressure relationship between LS and HS was only modified (respectively from dipper to non-dipper) in HT-SS, but not in NT-SS, NT-SR and HT-SR. The percentual drop in nighttime mean blood pressure was about 10% in HT-SR and in NT-SR either under LS or HS. In NT-SS, the percentual night-time drop in mean blood pressure was lower than that of NT-RS (i.e. about 7-8%), but it was not different on LS and on HS. In contrast, in HT-SS, the percentual nighttime drop in mean blood pressure on HS (6%) was significantly lower than that on LS (10%, p < 0.01). In the 27 HT, but not in the NT, changes in the nocturnal drop in mean blood pressure induced by salt restriction correlated positively with the degree of salt sensitivity (r = 0.45, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In black subjects, the pattern of nighttime-daytime blood pressure relationship appears to be modified from LS to HS diets (or vice-versa) only in SS hypertensive subjects, but neither in NT-SS nor in NT-SS and HT-SR. Only in HT-SS, but not in the other groups, salt restriction shifts the circadian rhythm of blood pressure from a non-dipper to a dipper pattern. We conclude that in black salt-sensitive hypertensives, salt restriction improves the circadian rhythm of blood pressure. This may have important therapeutic consequences on target organ damage associated with non-dipper patterns.
Subject: Ciências da Saúde, Outras ciências médicas
Health sciences, Other medical sciences
Scientific areas: Ciências médicas e da saúde::Outras ciências médicas
Medical and Health sciences::Other medical sciences
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/10216/96205
Document Type: Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional
Rights: restrictedAccess
Appears in Collections:FCNAUP - Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional

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