Optimization of QuEChERS method for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in soils with diverse organic matter

Abstract

A QuEChERS method has been developed for the determination of 14 organochlorine pesticides in 14 soils from different Portuguese regions with wide range composition. The extracts were analysed by GC-ECD (where GC-ECD is gas chromatography-electron-capture detector) and confirmed by GC-MS/MS (where MS/MS is tandem mass spectrometry). The organic matter content is a key factor in the process efficiency. An optimization was carried out according to soils organic carbon level, divided in two groups: HS (organic carbon > 2.3%) and LS (organic carbon < 2.3%). The method was validated through linearity, recovery, precision and accuracy studies. The quantification was carried out using a matrix-matched calibration to minimize the existence of the matrix effect. Acceptable recoveries were obtained (70-120%) with a relative standard deviation of <= 16% for the three levels of contamination. The ranges of the limits of detection and of the limits of quantification in soils HS were from 3.42 to 23.77 mu g kg(-1) and from 11.41 to 79.23 mu g kg(-1), respectively. For LS soils, the limits of detection ranged from 6.11 to 14.78 mu g kg(-1) and the limits of quantification from 20.37 to 49.27 mu g kg(-1). In the 14 collected soil samples only one showed a residue of dieldrin (45.36 mu g kg(-1)) above the limit of quantification. This methodology combines the advantages of QuEChERS, GC-ECD detection and GC-MS/MS confirmation producing a very rapid, sensitive and reliable procedure which can be applied in routine analytical laboratories.