Cessação tabágica e ganho ponderal: linhas de orientação

Abstract

Smoking is the first cause of preventable disease, disability and premature death in developed countries and is associated with six of the eight leading causes of death worldwide. In 2010, tobacco use was responsible in Portugal for the deaths of about 11 000 persons, smokers or former smokers, caused by respiratory diseases, cancer or cardiovascular diseases. Individuals who cease smoking before age 50 have half the risk of dying in the next 15 years. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, as well as numerous types of cancer. Along the smoking cessation process, the success of which passes through the monitoring of a multidisciplinary team, the desire to eat and drink especially foods rich in energy is frequent, as well as weight gain. The latter is often quoted as the main reason for the reluctance to quit smoking and relapse after cessation, especially in smokers who have concerns about your weight. However, it is now widely accepted that the benefits of cessation of tobacco use outweigh any risk that it may present. To promote an adequate dietary intake during smoking cessation, we present several recommendations, based on the latest scientific evidence, facilitating adherence and continuation of the process and reducing the risk of increased body weight.