Factores de risco da doença de Parkinson

Abstract

The etiology of Parkinson s disease (PD) remains in a certain part unknown. Both genetic susceptibility an environmental factors are some times considered to be putative contributors to its origin. Recent epidemiologic studies have focused on the possible role of environmental risk factors present during adult life or aging, once pure genetic forms of PD are rare. The purpose of this study was to investigate environmental and familial risk factors for PD. We perfomed a hospital based case-control study using 88 PD patients with neurologist confirmed diagnostic, and 176 sex, age, and residence similiar controls. Several possible risk factors were evaluted related to life style, past history, family history, occupational history and other exposures to potencial neurotoxins agents. Statist differences, using a 95% confidence interval, were observed in positive family history of PD (p=0,002), occupation category (p=0,001), rural living (p=0,037), living/working near a industry (p=0,017), exposure to pesticides, herbicides and insecticides (p<0,001), coffee consumption (p=0,036) and tea consumption (p=0,001). Logistic regression showed as potencial risk factors, a positive family history of PD (odds ratio [OR]=9,996; 95% confidence interval [CI]=2,191-45,597), blue collar occupations (OR=3,967; 95% CI=1,670 9,426), exposure to pesticides, herbicides and insecticides (OR= 2,619 ; 95% CI=1,170-5,862). An inverse relanshionship was found between tea consumption and the risk of PD (OR=0,356 ; 95% CI=0,174-0,727). The results of the study show that both familial and environmental factors may contribute to the development of PD. Like other study s suggest, PD is of unknown, but presumably multifactorial etiology.