Acrylamide daily dietary exposure and cardiometabolic outcomes: longitudinal approach from childhood to adolescence

Abstract

Acrylamide is a food contaminant formed via the Maillard reaction that may impair cardiometabolic health. Considering its role in oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and adipogenesis, acrylamide may compromise lipid and glucose profiles. The present study aims to assess acrylamide dietary exposure and test longitudinal associations with cardiometabolic outcomes from childhood to adolescence. From G21-birth-cohort, 3138 participants with at least 2 consecutive follow-ups from 4 to 13 years of age were included. Acrylamide dietary exposure was estimated using 3-day food diaries and occurrence data of acrylamide in food. Children presented a higher dietary acrylamide exposure than adolescents. The median exposure was, respectively, 0.79 & micro;g/kg/d at 4 years and 0.44 & micro;g/kg/d at 13 years. Both children (MOE = 215) and adolescents (MOE = 386) exposure levels presented health concerns regarding neoplastic effects. Cross-sectional and longitudinally, acrylamide dietary exposure was positively associated with blood glucose, waist circumference, and fat mass percentage. A negative association was found between dietary acrylamide exposure and z-BMI and cholesterol. This variability suggests that the effects of dietary acrylamide exposure on cardiometabolic health are complex and multifactorial. It was not possible to conclude, without uncertainty, that dietary acrylamide exposure is responsible for abnormalities in cardiometabolic outcomes from childhood to adolescence.