Revisão Sistemática da Relação entre a Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção e a Síndrome de Desengajamento Cognitivo em Adultos

Abstract

This systematic review examined the relationship between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) in adults, investigating the extent to which these constructs overlap and differ. Searches were conducted in September 2025 in the PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science and Scopus databases, following PRISMA guidelines, and included empirical studies published between 2010 and 2024. After screening, 18 studies met the eligibility criteria, with methodological quality assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. The findings indicated a strong association between CDS and inattention, as well as moderate correlations with hyperactivity/impulsivity and internalizing symptoms. Evidence also showed that CDS presents distinguishing characteristics, organized into the daydreamy/inattentive and sluggish/lethargic subdomains, and that its co-occurrence with ADHD is associated with greater executive dysfunction and broader functional impairment. The results suggest that CDS contributes independently to adult functioning despite its partial overlap with ADHD, highlighting the need for longitudinal studies and greater standardization of assessment measures.