Arquitetura Passiva. Entre a Massa e a Transparência

Abstract

This dissertation begins with an analysis of passive and vernacular architecture in Portugal, highlighting its importance for sustainability and energy efficiency, in line with growing environmental concerns, where revisiting traditional solutions, adapted to the local climate and culture, proves to be essential. The study addresses construction strategies that minimize the environmental impact of buildings, promoting thermal comfort through the rational use of natural resources such as solar radiation, ventilation, and thermal inertia, without heavily relying on expensive technologies. The analysis of Portuguese vernacular architecture highlights the value of traditional knowledge, local materials, and bioclimatic adaptations, advocating for the integration of these lessons into contemporary construction. Key concepts of passive architecture - solar orientation, insulation, cross ventilation, and thermal mass - are explained, and methodologies for energy assessment are presented. A case study illustrates the practical application of these principles, focusing on the relationship between opaque facade and glazed openings, in which thermal inertia plays a role, highlighting both the benefits and limitations. The research includes literature review, document analysis, and practical simulation, promoting a multidisciplinary perspective. It is concluded that incorporating principles of passive and vernacular architecture into current designs is essential for creating more environmentally friendly and comfortable buildings, without compromising architectural expression and encouraging sustainable solutions.