A intervenção na Casa de Xisto. O jardim de inverno como estratégia de reabilitação bioclimática

Abstract

This dissertation is centered on a contemplation of the challenges intrinsic to interventions in built heritage, particularly in the context of the prevailing emphasis on energy efficiency in buildings. To test certain assumptions and enrich the research, a project was developed to rehabilitate a vernacular family house - the Casa de Xisto, located in Serra do Caramulo (Viseu). This house was constructed in the early twentieth century and subsequently altered. The work commences with a succinct study of intervention methodologies in pre-existing structures, focusing on the concepts of contrast and analogy as put forth by Ignasi de Solà-Morales. Particular importance is assigned to the disciplinary scope of adaptive reuse, due to its attention to the unique constraints of the built environment and the advocacy for appropriate levels of intervention. To maintain the authenticity of the house, following contemplation of the concept itself, we sought to identify the most significant patrimonial values as foundational elements in the requalification. Simultaneously, it was intended to improve the living conditions of the Casa de Xisto, in terms of functional upgrades and thermal comfort, in line with contemporary requirements, particularly those related to the current climate emergency. In this regard, we prioritized the use of bioclimatic strategies that augment the building's efficiency and minimize its environmental impact. The winter garden stands out, not only for its capacity to regulate the temperature of the house, but also for its dynamic role in the domestic experience, linked to the potential uses that it enables. The use of this bioclimatic device allows to raise questions regarding the sustainability of the notion of institutionalized comfort, as well as potential misalignment between the current legislation, the heritage value of buildings and the climate situation.