Mania Unipolar: uma entidade nosológica distinta?

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Whether or not Unipolar Mania is a clinical entity distinct from Bipolar Affective Disorder is still a topic that generates a lot of controversy. There is a significant number of patients in clinical practice presenting only episodes of mania, with no history of previous depressant episodes and certain clinical and treatment particularities, which suggests that categorizing Unipolar Mania as a subtype of Bipolar Affective Disorder may be useful for its early detection and optimization of response to treatment. METHODS: The search for bibliographic information was carried out on the Pubmed platform with the combination: [Unipolar Mania] having been analyzed the 603 articles, between 1974 and 2020, and considered only those that seemed relevant in relation to the Unipolar Mania, and which had the purpose of clarifying and justifying the split in a distinct nosological entity. RESULTS: After reviewing the topic, several studies have shown the existence of a large number of cases of mania without the depression component, with the prevalence of Unipolar Mania ranging from 1,1% to 65,3% among the studies carried out, also showing differences in a clinical and epidemiological level compared to Bipolar Mania. DISCUSSION / CONCLUSION: The results indicate that Unipolar Mania presents several distinct characteristics of Bipolar Disorder, demonstrating the imperative character of a nosological split between these two clinical entities. Although the available literature is limited, several authors agree that Unipolar Mania should be distinguished from Bipolar Affective Disorder, however, further investigation is necessary for the definitive split of both.