Efeitos a longo prazo dos cuidados neonatais centrados no desenvolvimento - uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Aim: Evaluate the long-term outcomes of the newborn individualized development care and assessment program (NIDCAP), so that we can determine the long-term impact of this intervention on children, comparing with standard care. Methods: A systematic search was performed on three databases (Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus). Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies that reported outcomes of the NIDCAP intervention at an age greater than one year of corrected age (CA) were included. Results: Ten articles met the inclusion criteria. Although the lack of statistical significance and robustness, studies reporting cognitive development demonstrate a positive long-term effect of the NIDCAP intervention. The neurodevelopment assessment findings are correlated to the neurophysiological and neurostructural results. Statistically significant positive effects were demonstrated regarding behaviour and the mother-child interaction assessment. No statistically significant results were found when assessing growth nor quality of life. Conclusion: A positive long-term effect of NIDCAP intervention is supported by this study, particularly regarding mother-child interaction, child behaviour and neurodevelopment, but not with the needed robustness. Further well-designed studies are needed with samples big enough to enhance the generalisability and comparability of the results and with measurement instruments that facilitate long-term evaluation.