Presumed Post-mortem Donors: The Degree of Information of University Students

Abstract

Background and Aims: Organ transplantation represents the most effective and acceptable therapy for end-stage organ failure. However, its frequent practice often leads to a shortage of organs worldwide. To solve this paradigm, some countries, such as Portugal, have switched from an opt-in to an opt-out system, which attitude raises concern about an individual's autonomy respect. We aimed to evaluate whether young university students are aware of this opt-out system in order to make an informed, autonomous and conscious decision and to identify the factors that determine a positive attitude toward post-mortem organ donation. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was developed, and a questionnaire was applied to students from six faculties of Oporto University, enrolled in their first year of studies. Results: Of the 841 participants, 60% were unaware of the Portuguese opt-out system. Of the informed individuals, the main resources of information used included social media, internet and family. Furthermore, only 48% of all participants agreed with the current opt-out system. Female sex (p=0.049; OR=1.393), knowledge about the law (p<0.001; OR=4.749) and family as the primary resource of information (p<0.001; OR=2.855) were independent factors associated with a positive attitude toward post-mortem organ donation law. Discussion and Conclusions: There is a significant lack of knowledge among Portuguese young university students regarding presumed post-mortem organ donation law and its process. Female sex, having family as their primary resource of information and being aware of presumed post-mortem organ donation law are the strongest independent factors in determining a positive attitude towards opt-out system.