Optimization of lightweight aggregate concrete units using a genetic algorithm

Abstract

The aim of this work is to find an optimal lightweight aggregate concrete block to build economic single leaf walls with good thermal performance without compromising the wall structural properties. A developed computational method searches a new topology for lightweight concrete blocks that will perform according to today's normative requests exhibiting optimal thermal insulation behaviour. The optimisation problem considers an objective function that measures the masonry wall thermal performance calculated through three-dimensional finite element computer simulations. Design variables such as number of vertical and horizontal webs, vertical and horizontal shell's and web's thicknesses, staggered and in line joints and presence or location of strip bed joints are considered. A genetic algorithm is proposed in order to obtain the optimal solution. An illustrative example of vertically perforated blocks is presented demonstrating the applicability and efficiency of the optimization method. © Civil-Comp Press, 2009.