Moderni Puukaupunki: Iniciativa para conjuntos habitacionais em madeira no final do século XX, na Finlândia

Abstract

This dissertation consists on the study of the initiative of residential areas in wood, called "Moderni Puukaupunki", which has come up in Finland in the end of the 20th century, and whose architectural principles were influenced by the traditional Finnish old wooden towns, called, in Finnish, puukaupunki. The pilot project of the initiative, the residential area called "Puu-Linnanmaa", in the city of Oulu, is analyzed deeply in this work, including the general plan - exterior spaces -, the blocks plans - interior places - and some construction details. Finland, considered an outlying country with a severe weather, has been showing a significant development, in several issues, in the 20th century, when it became an independent country. Its traditional architecture in wood, after has been threatened by the industrialization period of the mid-20th century, is being, since the end of the same century, highly valorized, mostly in housing sector, by incentives and initiatives supported, greatly, by the government. The national-wide "Moderni Puukaupunki" project, launched by Wood Studio - Puustudio - of the University of Oulu's Department of Architecture, is one of these initiatives. Besides the promotion of the use of wood as a construction material, there was also the willing to bring back old traditions, which were considered appropriate to fulfill the contemporary needs.