Efeito de diferentes programas de treino de força na taxa de produção de força (RFD)

Abstract

The rate of force delevopment (RFD) is the slope of the force-time curve obtained under isometric conditions (IRFD) or dynamic conditions (DRFD) (Aagaard et al., 2002). This parameter is usually used to measure the ability to generate a large amount muscle strength in a short period of time, i.e., the explosive force. The RFD has been used in order to expose the ability of a muscle group to generate power, which is critical to athletic performance (Aagaard et al., 2010) and for daily activities, including the correct body posture and locomotion (Aagaard et al., 2011). The aim of this study was to determine the neuromuscular effects in the RFD of different stimuli provided by three types of training programs. Twenty seven male undergraduate, students of Sport Sciences, physically active, untrained in experience force, were distributed randomly into three groups (Group 1: ballistic force training, Group 2: maximum force without orientation; Group 3: maximum force with quick orientation). We used the repeated t-test measures to explore the effects of training programs applied between pre-test and post-test for each group and also the one-way ANOVA, to find differences between groups 1, 2 and 3 all variables chosen. The level significance was established in 0,05. The results indicate that the maximum strength training program with instruction has proved to be more effective than the programs of ballistic force training and maximal strength without instruction regard to the RFD improvement particularly in the late phase time intervals. It was also observed that the rapid execution of movements, even with heavy loads, is of great importance for improving the RFD. In addition to these results, there was still a trend to improve recruitment by EMG of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and vastus muscles.