Sobre a realidade social e a autonomia do desenho - da ESBAP à política de habitação nos projectos SAAL de Siza Vieira

Abstract

This work is based on the revision of the Modern Movement, more precisely on the shift of reflecting on the tenant's role, as part of a diverse and complex cultural context, to which the universal and rational way of thinking architecture wasn't able to answer to. In this case, the study shows briefly the results of other architectural experiences in foreigner countries, but it will focus particularly on Porto's social and architectural context, before and after the revolution of 25th of April of 1974. On the influence of the Inquiry on the Popular Architecture, on the SAAL process and other methods that eased the construction and planning of social housing. For a better understanding of this theme, we purpose the analisys of Álvaro Siza Vieira's projects for Bouça and S.Víctor. On one hand, the goal we're aiming to reach is verifying and exploring the architecture's less or more dependence on political, economical and social forces. In other words, the architect's possibility to enhance his autonomy. On the other hand, we confront this power of choice with the tenants' participation on their future house, and also with the information provided by social researches. To sum up, we will observe the influence of these methods on the project design and on the adjustment of the dwelling to people's individuality.