Variações tipológicas da planta circular na arquitetura ocidental

Abstract

This dissertation resulted from a continuing process regarding a practical experience carried out prior to this study, within the discipline of Project IV, which consisted on the development of a proposal for a circular plan building. Currently, in the western urban and architectural landscape, in general, the circular plan is still experienced in an exceptional manner relatively to the existing build-up structure. In most of the constructions where it's used, it is found that its adoption results normally of the application of a program for a very specific use. This study attempts to demonstrate that throughout History can also be seen the existence of a plurality of circular plan examples, which have a high programmatic heterogeneity, as well as, have gained a high degree of complexity in their compartmentalization geometry. In this work has always existed the criteria of keeping on the sidelines any quantitative or absolute approach, on the issue of circular plan. It is primarily a study that focuses essentially on matters relating to the positioning of the circle geometry in the historiography context of Western architecture, as well as on the issues of plastic nature, with mainly regard to the exploitation of this geometry for space and utilities purposes. This work also includes the development of a typological experimental study, where were considered some of the problems inherent to the specificity of the "circular plan" as a formal base for the space conception. In the bibliographic field, there is still a certain lack of specific approaches to the theme, which has also become a motivating factor for investment in this study.