Controlo da Carga de treino no futebol: Período preparatório vs. Período competitivo

Abstract

The objectives of this dissertation were to analyze the relationship between the external and internal load variables of training and to investigate the relationship between the external and internal loads of training and competition, depending on the period of the sports season (Preparatory and Competitive), the type of session (Preparatory or Competitive Training, Preparatory or Competitive Play), the player's position (Central Defender, Lateral Defender, Midfielder and Forward). Twenty-three professional soccer athletes (Age 24.3 ± 3.6 years, 177.4 ± 6.8 cm, 74.7 ± 5.1 kg, 8.1 ± 2.0% BF), divided by playing positions (DC = 4, DL = 3, M = 9 and A = 6), were evaluated over 16 weeks of a sports season (8 weeks of the preparatory period and 8 weeks of the competitive period), regarding the Subjective Perception of Recovery (PSR), Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DMT), Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Session Rate of Perceived Exertion (sRPE), total distance traveled (DTotal), number of sprints (Sprintes) and High Speed Running (HSR). The results showed statistically significant correlations between RPE and sRPE with DTotal, Sprintes and HSR; there were differences between periods of the season in PSR, DMT, sRPE and in HSR; the monitoring sessions (TP, TC, JP and JC) showed differences between them in all control variables; throughout the season, the mean values of sRPE, DTotal, Sprintes and HSR showed differences between positions. The results showed differences between training periods, microcycles, monitoring sessions and between the athletes' tactical positions. Additionally, associations were observed between different internal load control instruments (PSR, DMT, RPE and sRPE) and external load control instruments (DTotal, Sprinte, HSR) of training.