User-Centered Prototype of a Mobile App to Prevent Dehydration in Vulnerable Populations

Abstract

Dehydration remains a critical health issue among older adults, driven by age-related physiological changes, diminished thirst perception, and chronic health conditions. Environmental factors such as increasingly frequent heatwaves and temperature fluctuations further exacerbate the risk, placing a growing strain on the elderly population. Despite the availability of mobile applications promoting hydration, most are designed for younger users and offer complex features that hinder usability for older adults. This paper reviews existing digital solutions and their limitations in the context of elderly hydration support. Current applications often calculate fluid needs based on general parameters like weight and height, or synchronize with fitness trackers, overlooking key factors such as climate and cognitive barriers specific to older users. Hardware-based solutions-such as smart cups or in-vitro hydration monitors-may offer higher accuracy but require costly equipment and setup. The literature review informs this development by synthesizing research on dehydration risks, behavioral patterns, and design principles for elderly-focused digital tools. The selection of sources follows the PRISMA 2020 methodology. To address these gaps, this research incorporates audience analysis and prototyping of a mobile application tailored to older adults. The prototype emphasizes intuitive interaction, simplified design, and contextual awareness, including environmental data.