La Revolución portuguesa (1974-1976), un modelo específico de democratización en el siglo XX

Abstract

The Portuguese revolution, in addition to being viewed as a logical consequence of the last 15 years of the Salazar dictatorship (war, migrations, urbanization, de-ruralisation, feminization of the public sphere), must be read in the context of the new political culture which, since the end of the 1950s (anti-colonial emancipation, the Cuban revolution, 1968), gave the Left a boost. This, however, has little to do with the start of a third wave of democratization, as defined by Samuel Huntington, and negotiated transitions with a liberal-democratic genesis that are very different from the political and social rupture that happened in Portugal. The most studied example of this third wave is the Spanish. In this article, I discuss the comparison that has been more or less systematically drawn between the Portuguese revolution and the Spanish transition, the former being the positive counter-model of the latter, based on binary arguments such as moderation/radicality, violence/reconciliation, negotiation/rupture.