O contributo feminino para a promoção de uma nova religiosidade entre programas de peregrinação e sócio-caritativos em Portugal (Ordens jerosolimitanas séculos XII-XIV)

Abstract

Contributing to a deeper understanding of women's role throughout history is one of the bases for a more integrated and insightful knowledge of the past. Bearing this principle in mind, this paper aims to identify and discuss the female contribution to promoting a new religiosity among pilgrimage and socio-charitable programmes during the 12th-14th centuries. These programmes were developed in the context of religious-military orders, which differed profoundly from one another. Some of them were more military, and others were more charitable. They framed women differently, with those with a more charitable profile having the highest expectations of their actions. Within this institutional framework, some women joined and lived in monastic communities, and others joined the orders in various ways. As a whole, women contributed to stimulating the unique religiosity and sociability networks around the religious-military orders and, with this, to define their identity. ES: Contribuir a una comprensió més profunda del paper de la dona al llarg de la història és una de les bases per a un coneixement més integrat i profund del passat. Amb aquest principi de partida, aquest article busca identificar i discutir la contribució femenina d'una nova religiositat en les peregrinacions i accions sociocaritatives durant els segles XII-XIV. Aquests programes es van desenvolupar en el context dels ordes religiosos militars, que integraren les dones de maneres diferents, essent les de perfil més caritatiu les que tingueren més expectatives per a elles; unes, s'uniren a comunitats monàstiques, mentre que d'altres, es vincularen de diversa manera als ordes. En conjunt les dones contribuïren a estimular les xarxes de religiositat i sociabilitat al voltant dels ordes religiosos-militars i, amb això, definiren la seva identitat.