Abóbadas BIM: Uma ferramenta de modelação paramétrica para o resgate de uma construção estereotómica

Abstract

This dissertation proposes the development of a parametric and stereotomic vault modeling tool, applied within the BIM (Building Information Modeling) environment, aiming to recover the constructive logic of stereotomy through contemporary technology. The main goal is to automate the modeling of different types of vaults in Revit by using adaptive families with configurable parameters, promoting efficiency in architectural design, the extraction of relevant information, and the integration of construction data into the 3D model. The research is based on an exploratory and experimental approach, structured in three phases: literature review, tool development, and practical validation. The review addresses the historical evolution of vaults, stereotomy as a constructive technique, architectural case studies from the 20th century, and the application of parametric modeling in the BIM context. In the development phase, adaptive geometries were generated to allow the subdivision of vaulted surfaces into configurable voussoirs, with graphical representation and automated documentation within the BIM environment. The tool was tested through the digital reinterpretation of the Prototype House for flood victims by Hassan Fathy, demonstrating the flexibility of the created parametric families. The results highlight the potential of the proposed methodology to inform architectural design, precisely integrate stereotomic logic, and automate modeling processes in Revit. The dissertation concludes that it is possible to recover historical construction principles and reconcile them with contemporary demands, enhancing sustainability, efficiency, and innovation in architecture. Beyond formal modeling, the tool enables the automated generation of technical documentation. The use of shared parameters facilitates the customization of data and its organization by typology, making the system adaptable to a variety of projects and scales. This work contributes to the democratization of complex constructive solutions, bridging the tradition of vaulted architecture with digital versatility, and paves the way for future research in digital construction, heritage restoration, and automated production based on stereotomic geometry.