Caracterização do perfil de esforço e de dispêndio energético associado a dois tipos de exercício distintos em doentes com obesidade ou excesso de peso pós cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

One of the main consequences associated with physical exercise is the increase in energy expenditure and its potential effect on controlling or reducing body weight. As such, it can be an effective tool in preventing weight regain in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. However, these patients, in particular, usually benefit from multicomponent exercise interventions to address the various needs of optimizing cardiovascular and metabolic health, as well as physical fitness. Consequently, it is important to understand whether, among the different types of exercise that may be prescribed to these patients, there are significant differences in the energy expenditure achieved, and therefore, in the potential benefit of optimizing weight loss, which is one of the main objectives for post-bariatric surgery patients. In this context, using the technique of indirect calorimetry, this dissertation aimed to compare the energy expenditure associated with two distinct types of exercise - endurance and resistance - in patients with obesity who had previously undergone bariatric surgery and experienced suboptimal weight loss. The analysis of energy expenditure considered the entire active phase of exercise (approximately 60 minutes) as well as, in a sub-sample, the recovery phase corresponding to the 60 minutes immediately following the active exercise phase, known as excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). A sample of n=16 subjects was recruited (endurance exercise group n=8; resistance exercise group n=8), of both genders, with a mean age of 52±6 years. It was concluded that endurance training is associated with greater energy expenditure during the active phase of the training session, while resistance training is associated with greater energy expenditure during the recovery phase. However, considering the total energy expenditure combining the active and recovery phases, it was found that endurance exercise resulted in approximately 18% higher energy expenditure than resistance exercise.