Uma Casa à Beira. Reabilitação de uma Ruína Beirã

Abstract

The present dissertation has as its objective the procedural exposition that culminated in the rehabilitation project of a pre-existing building in the village of Guilheiro, in the municipality of Trancoso. Given the interconnection of the studied subjects, sometimes simultaneously, it was decided to organize this dissertation in three distinct moments, in order to make its reading logical and coherent. In a first moment of Approximation, we try to understand the relationship between the geographical setting and the Portuguese vernacular architecture. It explores the characteristics of the region in which the rehabilitated ruin is located and the impact on its architecture. From an approach that starts from the general to the specific, we dedicate ourselves to the study of the municipality of Trancoso, in the region of Beira Alta, and then examine in greater detail the village of Guilheiro and its urban structure. Finally, we present the constructive aspects of architecture that defines the region and is reflected in the object of study. In the second phase, recourse was made to the Observation of the different postures taken in relation to the intervention of pre-existences, in order to consolidate an opinion and, perhaps, a posture to adopt. In this stage, the appreciation of antiquity and heritage is accompanied, from its awareness to the origin of the different doctrines that succeeded it, reflected in a lexical expansion of the term Intervention - conservation, restoration, rehabilitation, reconversion. With regard to the pre-April 25th national panorama, the conflicts that originated the movement to value Portuguese vernacular architecture are exposed. It ends with the analysis of a rehabilitation of Fernando Távora, the promoter of the aforementioned movement. Finally, the Intervention process is described, resulting from the confluence of references, studies and analyzes that preceded it. In this stage, a detailed description of the pre-existence in which it intervenes and of the proposed project is presented, following its formal and functional evolution and the working methods used in its conception.