Mapeamento de processos erosivos e deposicionais utilizando modelagem matemática: simulações na Bacia do Córrego Alto Espraiado (SP)

Abstract

Mathematical models have the potential to estimate and identify prone areas to erosional processes. SIMWE (Simulated Water Erosion) model considers hydrological and soil properties, simulates erosion, transport, and deposition by surface flow. This research aimed to evaluate the dynamics of erosion and deposition rates through the application of the SIMWE in the Alto Espraiado basin, São Pedro (SP), which presents significant laminar and linear erosional features. The influence of the parameters applied in the generation of four scenarios, as well the mapping of erosion features from a historical perspective and the validation with the Erosion Potential Index were analyzed. The results presented a greater area associated with deposition, between 65% and 77%, and erosion between 23% and 36%. The record of a significant part of the erosion features is spatially represented by "paths or routes" of surface flows. SIMWE demonstrated satisfactory results for identifying erosive and depositional sectors, being an important tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of complex areas, where such process is recurrent.