Ensino para surdos no Brasil no século XX: contribuições de educadores para a área

Abstract

The development of the education of the Deaf begins in the 15th century, when the fi rst educators - preceptors, religious and doctors - sought to teach the oral and/or written language so that the Deaf of the nobility could be recognized by the law and inherit titles. In the brazilian context, the presence of educators since the foundation of the Instituto Imperial dos Surdos-Mudos de Ambos os Sexos in 1857 was also fundamental for the formulation and development of the fi eld. In order to deepen this dynamic, the current work aims to present a global view of how education for the deaf was organized in Brazil in the 20th century and how educators infl uenced this scenario. The research was guided by the theoretical perspective of Linguistic Historiography and, in dialogue with the ideas of Swiggers (1990), its analysis was guided by the sociological model, as it seeks to understand the social context of the period studied and the relations between the social groups that acted, in diff erent ways, in pedagogical practices aimed at the Deaf in Brazil throughout the 20th century. It is observed that, in addition to deepening questions about the area with their investigations, educators were also important agents in the consolidation of pedagogical practices - either to reinforce the method defended by the intellectual ideas of the period, or to propose measures of resistance and others methodologies