Reabilitar "para" e "com" as pessoas. Duas metodologias de governança na reabilitação de uma ilha do Porto

Abstract

The islands of Porto a housing morpho-typology, linked to its history and part of its industrial and working-class heritage, remains a paradigmatic statement of serious problems of inequality, social exclusion, and difficulties in access to dignified housing. Still symbols of precariousness and lack of infrastructure, the islands, however, have great in- terest in terms of opportunity as a condign housing option at controlled costs, accessible to a majority, and of urban regeneration. Thus, it is from the is- lands that we seek to understand and reflect on pub- lic policies and alternative approaches to the prob- lem of access to decent housing, focusing on the vi- ability and social consequences. Thought to under- stand and reflect on public policies and alternative approaches to the problem of housing and in the re- habilitation of the islands, this research aims to con- tribute to a critical understanding of the problem and to identify obstacles and concrete opportunities. Proximity and governance approaches that are alter- natives to practices and policies currently employed and are objects of this research. From the under- standing of housing as a multisectorial and multidi- mensional problem, from the "island in Campo Ale- gre" as an object-subject, we follow the application process for its rehabilitation by 1.º Direito, a public program of access to housing, through two univer- sity extension projects, with practical goals and so- cial sense, "for" and "with" the people. From the collaboration between the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto, the School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Porto, and Habitar Porto, an NGO. Based on methodologies of the so- cio-critical paradigm, with distinct levels of partici- pation. First "for the people", the workshop Ar- quitectos de Família, of management practice, fo- cuses on the elaboration of the Base Program of the rehabilitation project. Following, the process "with the people", is based on Participatory-Action-Re- search, which works to develop the co-management model of citizenship practice. In the following mo- ment of the application process, with other objec- tives and actors, this project focused on clarifying the rehabilitation process, refining the project, and mediating between technicians, residents, property owner, and entities, in closer proximity to the terri- tory. Through these two projects, was reinforced an innovative bridge between education and social ac- tion. With concrete results, for the advancement of the application, contributed to overcoming barriers in the implementation of the rehabilitation project, had a positive impact on people lives on the func- tioning of the institutions involved, in the construc- tion of knowledge about access to housing, and on the interest of participatory processes in the democ- ratization of access to housing.