A habitação modular pré-fabricada. Uma perspectiva dos últimos 20 anos em Portugal

Abstract

This dissertation intends to address the current state of the supply of prefabricated housing in Portugal in the last 20 years, while verifying the inherent characteristics of this type of design. Initially, the theme is deconstructed into specific concepts to be analyzed individually, then a more practical approach is made to what is implied in the process of designing prefabricated houses, specifically its consequent modularity and phasing. In this sense, the study is mainly based on a collection and investigation of the various brands involved in the practice of prefabrication in the housing context and their respective case studies, while analyzing their structure, construction and organization. All the design material is processed in an uniform way to allow a clear reading of each case and its possible comparison. This way, this work aims to provide tools and knowledge to help acquire a better understanding for those who seek to deepen their knowledge in this area, by creating a work base with observations on the constraints explored so far in the national context, such as the most used constructive systems, the minimum areas - for comfort and legally required - as well as clarification on the applicable legislation, deconstructing the idea that prefabrication supposes a type of housing inferior to traditional housing. In this context, the relationship between all those involved in the project, from its initial design to its completion, as well as their expectations, which are taken into account and confronted with reality. Thus, the idea of the 'minimum' takes on a new sense of 'essential', necessary for sustainable living, not only in the present but in the future.