A invisibilidade do pedestre no Plano Piloto de Brasília: Críticas e novas directrizes ao desenho das Passagens Subterrâneas de Pedestres na perspectiva da mulher no " espaço público"

Abstract

The present dissertation has as its field of study the comprehension of pedestrian occupation in the Brasília Pilot Plan (BPP) - a city considered the best representation of the rationalist modernist urbanism and, consequently, the one that made the pedestrian path unfeasible, being considered an "exceptional city". Given these functional and imagetic ideals of the modernist urbanism of the Athens Charter, and therefore of controlling the form in favor of the landscape of moving car streams, we devoted ourselves to the design of the Underground Pedestrian Crossings (UPC), our "object of study", highlighting the possibility of walking exclusively on the UPC - although they are limited by its narrow design and grounded under the Road Axis. They function as interconnections between Neighborhood Units and bus stops, but despite being built as "human urban corridors" (non-spaces), they critically reveal themselves to be places full of meaning, since they denounce realities, inequalities, transformations and occupations carried out by the "brasilienses" in the capital city. Thus, such axes also reflect social control attenuating the segregated archipelago society (class and race), as well as patriarchal issues (gender), given Brazil's social history. In this way, the study is given by intersecting the links 'formal control' (from the critique "a city is not a tree") and 'social control' (gender, class and race) - which our object emancipates, demystifying ideal and imaginary questions through the search for an alliance between the physical construction of urban space and social relations. Hence, we use the woman's body in "public space" as a "key analysis" since it is from the bias of those who walk that we can better requalify the city space. Therefore, with the approximation of interdisciplinarities that converge to arguments for understanding female urban planning, we sought to consider a better "rehabilitation project" to the studied place, - which is the objective of this study - since the universal questions to such body are more latent here, moving away from the modernist ideal of universal mass flow. In addition, the implementations of the UPCs are in the Residential Scale, which is historically a female primacy location.