Repercussão do exercício crónico em componentes da síndrome metabólica em doentes coronários do sexo masculino

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is an aggregation of independent risk factors that result in an exponential increase in the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and premature death. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of a cardiac rehabilitation program based on physical exercise during 8 weeks in the components of the metabolic syndrome in individuals with coronary artery disease of the male sex. In this study, 75 subjects were randomized to either an exercise group or a control group 4 weeks after acute myocardial infarction. The rehabilitation program consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise at 70-85% of maximal heart rate 3 times a week in addition to usual medical care and counseling. Both at the beginning and at the end of the study, anthropometric and body composition measures, measures of functional capacity, hemodynamic characteristics and lipid and metabolic profile were evaluated. Compared to the control group, subjects in the exercise group significantly increased functional capacity [duration of exercise test (p = 0.001); MET (p = 0.002)] and significantly improved the lipid profile [triglycerides (p = 0.034); HDL (p = 0.035)]. In conclusion, the results of the study suggest that the exercise program was partially effective in preventing the components of the metabolic syndrome since it enabled an improvement in the functional capacity and lipid profile.