A deslocação da permanência: um meta-projecto de arquitectura móvel e participativa

Abstract

This dissertation is divided in two parts: the first shows all theorical investigation and exploration; the second, a pratical project reflecting and applying the practices researched in the first part. The first chapter explores "primitive" architecture, by studying multiple authors that, since the sixties, have been investigating and comprehending these realities. Based on communitary and self-building, these architectural practices are still found in some contemporary communities, like, for example, in ilegal settlements (favelas, musseques, slums, etc.), in refugee camps or in small "alternative" communities. From this study of practices of self-building rises the "creative user", a kind of user, described by Jonathan Hill, that also produces architecture. The second chapter focuses on Yona Friedman, an architect that dedicated all his career to the exploration of mobile, flexible and truly participative architectures, that include the user since the conception of the project to its construction (and possible future transformations he might wish to do in the architecture of his circunstance), giving him the tools and knowledge necessary to turn him into a creative user. After this aproximation to architectures that are aware of the creative user and to how can architecture transform to adapt to him, in the third chapter, communitary and temporary practices are highlighted. Through various architecture collectives and some of their interventions it is illustrated, case-by-case, how the real presence of architects and their practices of community inclusion have an impact that overcomes the one of mere construction. The second part, the one of the practical project, is initiated with the description of the idealized atelier premises; starting with the definition of the means of transportation to be used, the dimensionality and materiality of the modular components is determined - the structure is based on acessible construction techniques and materials, intending to allow an easy assembly and encourage any user to also be an architecture producer. Following this construction description, the modular organization of the atelier is detailed; although the mobile atelier is the only given example, by the inherent flexibility of the constructive techniques in use, it is possible to erect countless other configurations of which are presented some examples.