Sustainability Evaluation of Nanotechnology Processing and Production

Abstract

This article discusses the current situation and challenges posed by nanotechnology from a sustainability point of view. It presents an objective methodology to evaluate the sustainability of nanotechnology products, based on a life cycle thinking approach, a framework particularly suited to assess all current and future relevant economic, societal and environmental impacts products and processes. It is grounded on a hierarchical definition of indicators, starting from 3D indicators that take into account all relevant dimensions of sustainability and support decision making, and continue to more specific 2D and 1D indicators that address specific issues. This article also identifies the key aspects that should be considered when assessing the sustainability of current and future nanotechnology products or where it performs a central role.