O HABITUS POLÍTICO DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO, BRASIL. Análise do Projeto Esporte Pela Paz Crianças e Adolescentes, da Secretaria de Estado de Esportes e Lazer na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória de 2011 a 2014

Abstract

The political interest of public actors in public sports policies in Brazil is recent and has gained prominence mainly due to the large investments made to attract the main sporting events in the world. The secretariats linked to sports become the target of disputes by political actors who see the existing positions in the state machine as a showcase to guarantee an increase in their political capital and hegemony in power. All this dispute takes place in a context of intense urbanization at the end of the 20th century, which generated economic development, producing wealth, in addition to explaining power relations, especially in metropolitan regions. On the other hand, it caused a concentration of poverty reflected in many states. The different threats to public security resulting from the disorderly growth of the Greater Vitória Metropolitan Region and the absence of consistent public policies ended up producing a spiral of violence reflected in high homicide rates. As public sports policies in governments, the development of social projects that gained visibility and notoriety to act in the face of this inequality emerges. This is how the Sport for Peace Project was born as a strategy to combat violence against children and adolescents, highlighting sport as a transforming instrument for citizenship, quality of life and social inclusion. And to dialogue with our study, we report the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. Substantially we resort to three basic concepts of his theory - habitus, field and capital. It is our purpose, in this study, to investigate whether the political habitus of the State of Espírito Santo interferes in the adjustment of the field of policies of the Secretary of Sports and Leisure. If so, how and to what extent does this interference happen within the scope of the Sport for Peace Project Children and Adolescents, where we proceed to, i) identify the habitus that marks the political field of the State of Espírito Santo from 2011 to 2014; ii) to characterize the field of public policies of the Department of Sports and Leisure; iii) present and configure the Sport for Peace Project Children and Adolescents and iv) analyze the relationship between political habitus versus the configuration of the Sport for Peace Project Children and Adolescents. To this end, we used the qualitative method and different sources of data collection, namely interviews, analysis of official documents, observation and field diary. The survey covered, in its entirety 100%, the universe of ex-managers and ex-expenditure officers who were part of the State Government in the State Department of Sports and Leisure and of the 07 municipalities that make up the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitória. The interpretation of the material collected was performed according to the technique of content analysis from the categories that were defined a priori. It is concluded that a habitus prevailed in this new expense organizer and in its co-religionists that guided the patterns of a certain course of its actions and that interfered in the adjustment of the field of policies of the Secretary of Sports and Leisure, namely through the Sport for Peace Project Children and Adolescents. A cycle that could be virtuous but becomes vicious as there are no limits to hegemony and power maintenance. KEYWORDS: FIELD, CAPITAL, SPORT, HABITUS, SPORTS PUBLIC POLICIES.