Performance assessment of water services in Brazilian municipalities: An integrated view of efficiency and access

Abstract

This study proposes a benchmarking approach to assess water supply and sanitation services' performance in Brazilian municipalities from an integrated perspective of efficiency and access. The regional differences and the impact of the governance models adopted by different municipalities (local public entities, regional public entities, and private entities) on efficiency levels are also explored. The results revealed significant heterogeneity in the efficiency levels of Brazilian municipalities, as the average efficiency score is relatively low (45%). The Southeast and Center-west regions stand out both in terms of efficiency and access dimensions. There is evidence that municipalities with services provided by local public entities have higher efficiency than those with regional providers. On the other hand, efficiency differences between municipalities with public and private providers are statistically significant. Finally, regulatory strategies are suggested based on the outcome of the integrated analysis.