1. Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto
2. FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia
3. FEUP - Dissertação

Author(s):	Miguel Ângelo Pereira da Cruz
Title:	Cost Allocation Model for Distribution Networks  Considering Flexibility from Distributed Energy Resources
Issue Date:	2019-01-31
Description:	The world is in continuous transformation, and the form of operation and structure of the energy distribution system as well. The continuous increase of distributed production, coupled with the increase in the use of electric cars and batteries, has radically changed the organic distribution networks. Several factors contribute to the transformation of the distribution network, among them is the liberalization of the energy market, thus appearing more actors in the energy market. Another factor is the expansion of the use of renewable energy sources and electric cars and batteries, technologies that allow to reduce the dependence of fossil fuels and thus decrease the release of gases that cause the increase of the greenhouse effect to the atmosphere. The use of distributed generation in the district network alters the direction of the energy flow in the network. In the previous paradigm, we had only one unidirectional flow of energy, which went from the producer to the user, and all the costs of operating the distribution network were assigned to the users. However, with the use of electric cars, batteries and renewable energy sources, users can also inject power into lower voltage levels. Leading to a bidirectionality of the transit of electricity in the network. This duality of direction entails new challenges to solve, such as problems of line counters, increase of voltage level, increase of losses in low voltage and more variables to be taken into account to determine the impact that each user has in the distribution network This work arises from the need to study the impact of these innovations in the network and help develop a methodology that allows to represent and allocate more accurately, fairly and economically the costs and impacts of all users of the distribution network. This work consists of scheduling energy production resources to meet the demand, where the costs of utilization, congestion and line losses are calculated through the LMP (Locational Marginal Rices), and two different methods are tested and compared for Bialek and Abdlekader methods) that are used to calculate the impact that each of the generators and loads have on the distribution network, which impact will be used to calculate the final costs that each user has in the network through a variation of the method MW -mile. This work was developed using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB), Office and other programs. The study network encompasses a wide range of dispersed production resources such as wind farms, mini hydro, photovoltaic parks, cogeneration, fuel cells, biomass, urban solid waste, demand response programs, storage units and electric cars. For costs calculation it was considered that the Loads would account for 50% of the costs and that the generators would be responsible for the other 50%. the conclusions of the use of the results were also analyzed.
Subject:	Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering
Scientific areas:	Ciências da engenharia e tecnologias::Engenharia electrotécnica, electrónica e informática Engineering and technology::Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering
TID identifier:	202395839
URI:	https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119930
Document Type:	Dissertação
Rights:	openAccess
Appears in Collections:	FEUP - Dissertação

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