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https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119470
Author(s): | Joana Ribeiro FIlipe Correia Paulo Salvador Luís Rebouta Luís Alves Eduardo Alves Nuno Barradas Adélio Mendes Carlos Tavares |
Title: | Compositional analysis by RBS, XPS and EDX of ZnO:Al,Bi and ZnO:Ga,Bi thin films deposited by d.c. magnetron sputtering |
Issue Date: | 2019-03-01 |
Abstract: | Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopies were employed to analyse Bi incorporation into ZnO:Al and ZnO:Ga transparent and electrically conductive thin films deposited by d.c. magnetron sputtering, with thickness in the range of 300-400 nm. Sputtering was performed in an argon atmosphere from two targets in confocal geometry being one composed of either ZnO:Al2O3 or ZnO:Ga2O3 composites and the other a Bi metal target. The content of bismuth dopant in the ZnO matrix was controlled by the respective target current density (J(Bi)) in order to attain a high optical transparency ( >80%) in the visible region. For ZnO:Al,Bi films Bi content varied from 0.1 to a maximum of 1.5 at.% when varying hi from 0.06 to 0.26 mA cm(-2). However, for ZnO:Ga,Bi films, deposited in similar conditions, Bi reached a maximum overall layer content of 2.4 at.%, with a surface enrichment content that varied from 1.3 to 8.8 at.%. It was also observed that the Bi content in the topmost layers of the films is slightly depleted due to thermal evaporation upon thermal annealing in vacuum at 350 degrees C. It is envisaged applications for these films as transparent photoelectrodes and thermoelectric materials. |
URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119470 |
Related Information: | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Agência Nacional de Inovação S.A./P2020|COMPETE - Projetos em Copromoção/POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017796/Novos avanços tecnológicos para a terceira geração de células solares sensibilizadas com perovskita/WINPSC |
Document Type: | Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional |
Rights: | openAccess |
Appears in Collections: | FEUP - Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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325560.pdf | 1.69 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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