Physical activity-friendly neighbourhood among older adults from a medium size urban setting in Southern Europe

Abstract

Objective: In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between socio-environmental characteristics of neighborhood of residence and the frequency of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among older adults from Porto (Portugal). Method: Data from EpiPorto – a prospective adult cohort study from Porto (Portugal) – were used. Only adults aged ≥ 65 at baseline (1999–2003) were included (n = 580). We used a Geographic Information System to objectively measure the neighborhood characteristics and Generalized Additive Models to estimate their effect on participation in LTPA (none vs. some reported) and frequency of LTPA (min/day). Results: 62% of the participants reported no LTPA. Active elderly spent on average 38 (women) and 67 (men) minutes per day exercising. Neighborhood characteristics were unrelated to whether older people exercised or not. However, among active individuals, distance to the nearest destination (β = − 0.154, p = 0.016), in women, and distance to the nearest park, in men (− 0.030, 0.050), were predictors of LTPA frequency. Conclusion: There was almost no association between neighborhood characteristics and whether older adults engaged in LTPA or not, but among those that did engage, neighborhood characteristics were associated with increased frequency of LTPA. The promotion of well distributed destinations and parks might improve physical activity levels among the elderly.