Alienimonas chondri sp. nov., a novel planctomycete isolated from the biofilm of the red alga Chondrus crispus

Abstract

The phylum Planctomycetes comprises bacteria with peculiar and very unique characteristics among prokaryotes. In marine environments, macroalgae biofilms are well known for harboring planctomycetal diversity. Here, we describe a novel isolate obtained from the biofilm of the red alga Chondrus crispus collected at a rocky beach in Porto, Portugal. The novel strain LzC2T is motile, rosette-forming with spherical- to ovoid-shaped cells. LzC2T forms magenta- to pinkish-colored colonies in M13 and M14 media. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy observations showed a division by polar and lateral budding. Mother cells are connected to the daughter cells by a tubular neck-like structure. The strain requires salt for growth. Vitamins are not required for growth. Optimal growth occurs from 15 to 30◦C and within a pH range from 5.5 to 10.0. Major fatty acids are anteiso-C15:0 (54.2%) and iso-C15:0 (19.5%). Phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid represent the main lipids and menaquinone 6 (MK-6) is the only quinone present. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis supports the affiliation to the phylum Planctomycetes and family Planctomycetaceae, with Alienimonas as the closest relative. Strain LzC2T shares 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Alienimonas californiensis. LzC2T has a genome size of 5.3 Mb and a G+C content of 68.3%. Genotypic and phenotypic comparison with the closest relatives strongly suggest that LzC2T (=CECT 30038T=LMG XXXT) is a new species of the genus Alienimonas, for which we propose the name Alienimonas chondri sp. nov., represented by LzC2T as type strain. 16S rRNA gene accession number: GenBank = MN757873.1. Genome accession number: GenBank = WTPX00000000.