Modelling the Operating Speed in Segments of Two-Lane Highways from Probe Vehicle Data: A Stochastic Frontier Approach

Abstract

Most of the existing operating speed statistical models are applicable to individual design elements, particularly horizontal curves and tangents. A segment approach to operating speed has rarely been followed, with a few exceptions mainly related to the performance assessment of urban and freeway corridors, or design consistency studies using speed profiles built from successive design elements. This study introduces a new model to predict operating speeds in segments of two-lane highways. The maximum operating speed is given by a stochastic frontier function of the average daily traffic and road geometrics; the asymmetric disturbance accounts for the diversity in drivers' behaviour and vehicle characteristics, allowing estimating any percentile speed. Themodel was calibrated using probe vehicle data from noncongested roads. The accuracy of the average daily traffic in representing the actual driving conditions was further validated using simultaneous speed-traffic measurements. The newmodel aims to assist practitioners in the evaluation of design consistency from a macroscopic perspective since the early stages of road planning and design, as well as to support the definition of speed limits at new or existing infrastructures.