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https://hdl.handle.net/10216/100709
Author(s): | Afonso, L Lopes, C Severo, M Santos, S Real, H Durao, C Moreira, Pedro Oliveira, A |
Title: | Bidirectional association between parental child-feeding practices and body mass index at 4 and 7 y of age |
Issue Date: | 2016 |
Abstract: | Background: Evidence of the association between parental child feeding practices and the child's body mass index (BMI) is controversial, and bidirectional effects have been poorly studied. Objective: We aimed to examine bidirectional associations between parental child-feeding practices and BMI at 4 and 7 y of age. Design: This study included 3708 singleton children from the Generation XXI birth cohort with data on parental child-feeding practices and BMI at 4 and 7 y old. Feeding practices were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire by combining the Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Overt/Covert Control scale and then adapting it to Portuguese preschool children. Weight and height were measured according to standardized procedures, and age- and sex-specific BMI z scores were computed based on the WHO Growth References. Linear regression models were used to estimate the bidirectional associations between each practice and BMI z score. Crosslagged analyses were performed to compare the directions of those associations (the mean score of each practice and BMI z score at both ages were standardized to enable effect size comparisons). Results: After adjustments, pressure to eat and overt control at 4 y of age were associated with a lower BMI z score 3 y later (beta: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.08, -0.03 and beta: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.09, -0.01, respectively). Regarding the opposite direction of association, a higher BMI z score at 4 y of age was significantly associated with higher levels of restriction and covert control at 7 y of age (beta: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.08 and beta: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.08, respectively) and with lower levels of pressure to eat (beta: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.20, -0.15). The only bidirectional practice, pressure to eat, was more strongly influenced by the BMI z score than the reverse (beta(standardized): -0.17 compared with beta(standardized): -0.04; likelihood ratio test: P < 0.001). Conclusions: We found that parents both respond to and influence the child's weight; thus, this child parent interaction should be considered in future research. |
Subject: | Ciências da Saúde, Ciências médicas e da saúde Health sciences, Medical and Health sciences |
Scientific areas: | Ciências médicas e da saúde Medical and Health sciences |
URI: | https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/100709 |
Document Type: | Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional |
Rights: | restrictedAccess |
Appears in Collections: | FCNAUP - Artigo em Revista Científica Internacional |
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122872.pdf Restricted Access | 438.8 kB | Adobe PDF | Request a copy from the Author(s) |
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