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International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors and the standardization of paediatric terminology

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors and the standardization of paediatric terminology

Key performance indicators for hospital clinical pharmacy services: results of a global Delphi study

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Key performance indicators for hospital clinical pharmacy services: results of a global Delphi study Abstract: IntroductionThe contribution of clinical pharmacy services (CPS) to patient outcomes and system performance is still not consistently measured. Most key performance indicators (KPIs) have been suggested only by pharmacists, without formal piloting or validation, and without benchmarking reference values. KPIs are indicators used to quantify pharmacists' clinical activities and their association with improvements in patient safety, therapeutic outcomes, and healthcare costs. There is a need for a globally informed, multi-stakeholder consensus on a core set of KPIs for hospital clinical pharmacy services that are explicitly outcome-based and suitable for international use.AimThis study aimed to reach a consensus on a core set of KPIs for clinical pharmacy activities in hospital settings, achieved through a multi-stakeholder consensus process.MethodThe 3-round Delphi technique was used to reach a consensus. Panellists were systematically selected from three groups of stakeholders: 'Clinical Pharmacy KPI Experts', 'Healthcare Systems Assessment Experts', and 'Patient Association Representatives'. The initial set of KPIs was based on themes identified in a previous review study. During the three rounds, the consensus thresholds increased from 60 to 70% and then to 80%. Panellists could suggest new KPIs and propose modifications to those already suggested.ResultsOf the 480 potential experts initially identified, 342 valid email addresses were found, of which 49 (from 25 countries) committed to the Delphi study, including 22 clinical pharmacy experts, 21 patient representatives, and six healthcare systems assessment experts. A total of 43 panellists from 23 different countries completed the third round. Starting with 12 KPIs (plus one added in the first round), the panellists agreed on five KPIs, which were distributed as follows: Three clinical KPIs (adverse drug event rate, medication-related near miss event rate and medication goal achievement rate); one economic KPI (average optimised treatment cost difference); and one humanistic outcome KPI (patient satisfaction survey results). A manual containing the KPI information sheets was created.ConclusionA global panel of stakeholders, including pharmacists, other healthcare professionals, and patient representatives, agreed on a core set of KPIs for hospital-provided CPS. This set comprises five measures covering three types of outcomes: economic, clinical, and humanistic.

Exposure to potentially harmful excipients in neonates admitted to intensive care units using compounded medicines

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Exposure to potentially harmful excipients in neonates admitted to intensive care units using compounded medicines Abstract: Background Compounding allows the use of medicines in paediatric patients that are not always available in appropriate dosages. Some of the commonly used excipients have been associated with toxicity events in neonates.Objectives To evaluate the exposure to potentially harmful excipients (PHEs) in neonates using compounded medicines and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a university hospital in Portugal.Methods Observational study with neonates using the 10 most prescribed compounded liquid oral medicines with a PHE in a hospital NICU. The daily intake of excipients listed in the European Study of Neonatal Exposure to Excipients (ESNEE) was calculated in NICU newborns (September 2019 to August 2020) by summing the daily dose of excipients in the compounded and all commercial medicines prescribed (Ethics CHUSJ CE-OP84-2021).Results 65 neonates used the 10 most prescribed compounded medicines containing a PHE. These neonates had 629 prescriptions, with 139 containing at least 1 PHE (31 different compounded or commercial medicines), resulting in 241 exposures to an ESNEE PHE: 125 propylparaben (89.9% of the prescriptions), 98 propylene glycol (70.5%), 6 benzyl alcohol (4.3%), 5 ethanol (3.6%), 4 sodium benzoate (2.9%), 2 sorbitol (1.4%) and 1 polysorbate 80 (0.7%). Excessive daily intakes of propylene glycol were found in 49 newborns (75.4%), followed by benzyl alcohol in 5 newborns (7.7%). One neonate was exposed to an excessive amount of 5 ESNEE PHEs and 2 other neonates to 3 ESNEE PHEs.Conclusions The frequent use of PHEs in compounded medicines for neonates was identified, and neonates were exposed to PHEs exceeding the maximum recommended daily intake. Propylene glycol was the excipient most associated with these events.

Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Arabic version of the Medication Adherence Universal Questionnaire among Omani patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Arabic version of the Medication Adherence Universal Questionnaire among Omani patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Abstract: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate an Arabic version of the Medication Adherence Universal Questionnaire (MAUQ-ar-OM) for Omani adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to assess its association with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). A cross-sectional psychometric validation was conducted at a tertiary-care hospital in Oman from October 2024 to January 2025, enrolling 300 participants. The MAUQ was translated and culturally adapted using forward-backward translation, expert panel review (n = 4), and cognitive interview testing and then administered by a trained clinical pharmacist using a standardized script. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) compared second order and bifactor models using CFI, TLI, RMSEA (90% CI) and SRMR. Convergent validity with HbA1c was assessed using Spearman's correlation (rho). The bifactor model showed superior fit indices (CFI = 0.904; TLI = 0.868; RMSEA = 0.055; SRMR = 0.057) compared with the second-order model (CFI = 0.849; TLI=0.819). Cronbach's alpha coefficients for total scores, positive attitude towards healthcare and medication (PAM), lack of discipline, aversion towards medication and active coping with health problems subscales were 0.69, 0.71, 0.67, 0.59 and 0.42, respectively. The PAM subscale showed small inverse correlation with HbA1c (rho = -0.157; 95% CI: - 0.269 to - 0.041; p < 0.01), whereas other subscales and the total score showed no significant correlation. The MAUQ-ar-OM demonstrates construct validity for assessing medication adherence beliefs and behaviors among Arabic-speaking Omani adults with T2DM, with the bifactor structure supporting domain-level interpretation and the total score used descriptively. Further research is warranted to confirm reliability and generalizability across other Arabic-speaking populations, conditions and administration modes.

More than tools: "video lecture capture" as a step towards pedagogic differentiation

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: More than tools: "video lecture capture" as a step towards pedagogic differentiation

First Insight into Lignin Valorization as a Promising Biopolymer for the Modulation of the Physicochemical Properties of Port Wine

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: First Insight into Lignin Valorization as a Promising Biopolymer for the Modulation of the Physicochemical Properties of Port Wine Abstract: Lignosulfonate (LS), kraft lignin (KL), and organosolv lignin (OL) were evaluated as potential modulating agents of the physicochemical properties of Port wine at two different concentrations for 7 and 30 days. KL and LS demonstrated the ability to remove proteins and potentiate the anthocyanin concentration. LS reduced the tannin content and the interaction of salivary acidic proline-rich proteins with wine phenolic compounds. None of the lignin promoted a perceptible color change; however, the yellowish color of KL and OL at 100 g/hL contributed to an increase in the yellow tones of wines. Lignin improved wine aroma by reducing the amount of unwanted volatiles by 30% and increasing the content of ethyl esters associated with fruity aromas by up to 60%. The results suggest that lignin, especially LS, can be employed as a modulating agent, positively impacting wine's physicochemical properties. This valorization of a byproduct opens up new opportunities for the wine industry.

Informing a medical subject heading (MeSH) request: The 'Prescribing cascades' case study

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Informing a medical subject heading (MeSH) request: The 'Prescribing cascades' case study Abstract: Background: 'Prescribing cascades' describes initiation of new treatments in response to adverse drug effects, often misinterpreted as new conditions. Although Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) enable accurate indexing and retrieval, no MeSH term exists for this concept. This study assessed the need for a dedicated MeSH term and its potential impact on indexing consistency. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 139 articles from a published scoping review. PubMed metadata provided publication details and indexing status. MEDLINE-indexed articles were analyzed for MeSH attribution. Associations between the presence of keywords (inapprop-, adverse, cascade) in titles/abstracts and specific MeSH terms were quantified using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) (R/ RStudio). Results: Of 139 articles included in the scoping review, 119 were indexed in PubMed and 106 in MEDLINE, with 1055 MeSH terms covering 313 unique terms. The most prevalent were Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions (32.1%), Polypharmacy (30.2%), and Inappropriate Prescribing (26.4%). Indexing was manual in 47 cases, automated in 45, and curated in 14. After 2022, automated indexing reduced use of Drug Interactions and Medication Errors. Only three associations demonstrated predictive values: the root inapprop- in abstracts predicted the MeSH Inappropriate Prescribing (OR = 5.1 [95% CI 1.9-13.7]); inapprop- in titles for Potentially Inappropriate Medication List (OR = 204 [95% CI 9.1-4551.3]); and adverse in abstracts for Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions (OR = 2.8 [95% CI 1.2-6.7]). The word cascade in titles was associated with Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions (OR = 3.6 [95% CI 1.4-9.2]). Conclusion: Current evidence does not support a dedicated MeSH for 'prescribing cascades' as existing descriptors are sufficient to capture its main dimensions. Further research should prioritize definitional consensus and compositional indexing strategies to enhance retrieval accuracy.

The International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors (ICPJE) formally constituted to foster quality around clinical and social pharmacy practice research publications

Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: The International Collaboration of Pharmacy Journal Editors (ICPJE) formally constituted to foster quality around clinical and social pharmacy practice research publications Abstract: [No abstract available]

Criteria used in clinical practice guidelines for the management of pharmaceutical service

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Criteria used in clinical practice guidelines for the management of pharmaceutical service Abstract: Little is known about the perception of healthcare professionals working in the management of the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Service (Componente Especializado da Assist & ecirc;ncia Farmac & ecirc;utica-CEAF) regarding the clearness of the clinical practice guidelines (protocolos cl & iacute;nicos e diretrizes terap & ecirc;uticas-PCDT) related to the inclusion and exclusion of patients and the discontinuation of medicines. Thus, the present study used a mixed-methods approach, with a quantitative phase to assess the objectivity of the criteria established in the PCDT, published from 2012 to 2022, and a qualitative phase through a focus group with healthcare professionals working in CEAF management. The 36 PCDTs analyzed in our study covered 1,972 criteria, of which 57.1% were objective. The thematic analysis of the focus group discourse indicated that the criteria, due to ambiguity and lack of clarity, have different interpretations, leading to inequality of access and compromising the principles of the SUS, especially equity. Improvements were suggested, including summarized versions of PCDTs, a version for pharmaceutical service management tasks, an additional document presenting the criteria clearly and objectively, exams, and information to verify the criteria.

Antifouling Marine Coatings with a Potentially Safer and Sustainable Synthetic Polyphenolic Derivative

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Antifouling Marine Coatings with a Potentially Safer and Sustainable Synthetic Polyphenolic Derivative Abstract: The development of harmless substances to replace biocide-based coatings used to prevent or manage marine biofouling and its unwanted consequences is urgent. The formation of biofilms on submerged marine surfaces is one of the first steps in the marine biofouling process, which facilitates the further settlement of macrofoulers. Anti-biofilm properties of a synthetic polyphenolic compound, with previously described anti-settlement activity against macrofoulers, were explored in this work. In solution this new compound was able to prevent biofilm formation and reduce a pre-formed biofilm produced by the marine bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas tunicata. Then, this compound was applied to a marine coating and the formation of P. tunicata biofilms was assessed under hydrodynamic conditions to mimic the marine environment. For this purpose, polyurethane (PU)-based coating formulations containing 1 and 2 wt.% of the compound were prepared based on a prior developed methodology. The most effective formulation in reducing the biofilm cell number, biovolume, and thickness was the PU-based coating containing an aziridine-based crosslinker and 2 wt.% of the compound. To assess the marine ecotoxicity impact of this compound, its potential to disrupt endocrine processes was evaluated through the modulation of two nuclear receptors (NRs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), and pregnane X receptor (PXR). Transcriptional activation of the selected NRs upon exposure to the polyphenolic compound (10 mu M) was not observed, thus highlighting the eco-friendliness towards the addressed NRs of this new dual-acting anti-macro- and anti-microfouling agent towards the addressed NRs.

Ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam for severe paediatric infections: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam for severe paediatric infections: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map Abstract: Background: The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli poses major challenges to the management of severe paediatric infections. Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) are newer beta-lactam/ beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations with established efficacy in adults. Objective: To synthesize current evidence on the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of CZA and C/T in hospitalized children with severe infections. Methods: We conducted a systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map (PROSPERO CRD420251025715). Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, Epistemonikos, LILACS, SciELO, and Web of Science. Eligible designs included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, case series, and case reports evaluating CZA or C/T for complicated intra-abdominal infections, complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI), pneumonia, or bacteraemia in patients aged 0-18 y. The primary outcome was 30-d mortality; secondary outcomes were clinical and microbiological cure and adverse events. Results: Nineteen studies (4 RCTs, 9 case series, 6 case reports) involving 472 patients were included. Sixteen studies evaluated CZA and three evaluated C/T. All RCTs were phase II, industry-sponsored, and excluded critically ill children and carbapenem-resistant infections. According to the updated RoB 2 assessment, two trials had overall low risk of bias, and two presented some concerns, mainly related to missing outcome data. No deaths occurred in RCTs, whereas observational studies reported 8% mortality. Clinical and microbiological cure exceeded 80% across study designs. Adverse events were generally infrequent; neonatal events clustered in case series, but evidence was insufficient for statistical comparison across age groups. Certainty of evidence ranged from moderate (cUTI with susceptible pathogens) to very low (pneumonia and resistant infections). Conclusions: CZA and C/T appear promising for paediatric cUTI and complicated intra-abdominal infections, but the evidence base remains narrow and largely dependent on small, industry-funded trials. Independent RCTs including critically ill children and resistant infections are urgently needed. (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

Validation of a spectrophotometric method for quantification of xanthone in biodegradable nanoparticles

Thu, 01 Jan 2004 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Validation of a spectrophotometric method for quantification of xanthone in biodegradable nanoparticles Abstract: Xanthone has been incorporated for the first time in nanoparticles of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). For this purpose the estimation of xanthone content in the nanoparticles is a crucial tool for guaranteeing the reliability of the results. Thus, a simple spectrophotometric method was validated according to USP25 and ICH guidelines for its specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision. The method was found to be specific for xanthone in the presence of nanoparticle excipients. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.5 to 4.0 mug/mL (r > 0.999). Recovery of xanthone from nanoparticles ranged from 86.5 to 95.9%. Repeatability (intra-assay precision) and intermediate precision were found to be acceptable with relative standard deviations values (RSD) ranging from 0.3 to 3.0% and from 1.4 to 3.1%, respectively. The method was found to be suitable for the evaluation of xanthone content in nanoparticles of PLGA.

Distribution of community pharmacies and primary healthcare centers in Portugal: a cross-sectional analysis

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Distribution of community pharmacies and primary healthcare centers in Portugal: a cross-sectional analysis Abstract: Introduction: Poor access to community pharmacies has been associated with restricted accessibility to medicines. We aimed to compare the geographic distribution of community pharmacies and healthcare centers (HCCs) and identify sociodemographic variables associated with geographical discrepancies at the municipal level in Portugal. Methods: Data on HCC, physicians, pharmacies, and pharmacists were collected at the municipality level in 2024. Municipality population and area per healthcare establishment and professional were compared, as well as pharmacies/HCC and physician/pharmacist ratios. Multivariate analyses were conducted between dependent variables and sociodemographic factors. Results: Portugal municipalities had a mean 516 residents (SD 319) per physician and 1,021 (SD 450) per pharmacist (paired Cohen's d= 1.127 [0.76:1.277]), with a ratio physician/pharmacist of 2.55 (SD 1.55). The surface area covered by professionals was 22.0 km2 (SD 35.8) per physician and 37.9 km2 (SD 57.8) per pharmacist (d=0.449 [0.325:0.572]). However, population per HCC was 22,998 (SD 22,038) while 3,206 (SD 1,087) per pharmacy (d=0.924 [0.783:1.064]) and the area covered was 82.2 km2 (SD 98.3) per pharmacy and 304.6 km2 (SD 287.1) per HCC (d= 0.912 [0.771:1.051]). Positive associations were found between the ratio pharmacies/HCC and percentage of young population, higher educational level, or literacy. Conclusion: Despite the greater number of physicians than pharmacists, community pharmacies showed a more intensive coverage of Portuguese mainland territory when compared to HCCs. The wider dispersion of pharmacies may facilitate the role of pharmacists as public health agents.

Economic implications of the different statin prescribing patterns in Central Portugal: a longitudinal analysis

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Economic implications of the different statin prescribing patterns in Central Portugal: a longitudinal analysis Abstract: Background: Statins are one of the most widely used therapeutic classes and have significantly contributed to health care expenditures with reported variability between countries and regions. We aim to identify the economic implications of different statin prescription patterns in the central region of Portugal. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study of statin consumption between 2010 and 2022 in the central region, with data obtained from the national administrative claim database. Prescription and expenditure (retail price) were analysed at the municipality level. A score was created for the quartile position (1 = first to 4 = fourth) of each municipality in the distributions of consumption and expenditure for each year. An overall score was created for the study period by aggregating yearly scores. A four-quadrant analysis with the overall scores of cost/DDD and DDD/1000inhabitants/day (DID) was conducted. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Statin consumption increased from 64 DDD/1000inhabitants/day (DID) to 149 DID, while cost/DDD and cost/inhabitant decreased from 0.77 to 0.26 and from 17.84 to 13.99 , respectively. Prescription pattern of high-intensity statins increased from 26% to 74% of the DDD consumed. A four-quadrant plot revealed discrepancies between the municipalities. These discrepancies were associated with the percentage of pitavastatin in DDD (F = 4.604; p = 0.005), and the percentage of statins monotherapy in DDD (F = 5.201; p = 0.003). Generalising the characteristics of high-level consumption and expenditure municipalities to the entire region would result in a 39.7% increase in expenditure but a 20.8% increase in patients. Prescription of statins per municipality correlated with the prescription of antidepressants (R = 0.643; p < 0.001) in the bivariate analysis, and in the multivariate analysis (p < 0.001; B = 0.580; 95%CI = 0.416:0.744). Conclusion: Differences in prescribing patterns resulted in very different proportions of patients treated and expenses associated with the consumption of these lipid-lowering agents. Further analysis should be carried out to understand the financial implications of prescribing new (patent-protected) medicines in Portugal.

Insights towards the impact of subinhibitory chlorhexidine on antimicrobial susceptibility and horizontal gene transfer in Enterococcus faecium

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Insights towards the impact of subinhibitory chlorhexidine on antimicrobial susceptibility and horizontal gene transfer in Enterococcus faecium Abstract: Enterococcus faecium, a human and animal commensal broadly distributed in the environment, is currently one of the most challenging multidrug-resistant (MDR) healthcare-associated pathogens worldwide. It is often exposed to chlorhexidine (CHX), a broad-spectrum antiseptic, extensively used in healthcare, domestic, and food production settings, and a diffused polluter. However, the impact of gradients of CHX concentrations, including at subinhibitory levels, on E. faecium adaptation to various antimicrobials remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore the effects of subinhibitory CHX concentrations on biocides and antibiotics susceptibility as well as in the transfer of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes among E. faecium (n = 11) from diverse sources and clonal backgrounds. Serial exposure to increasing CHX concentrations resulted in strain-specific MICCHX and MBCCHX changes among six E. faecium studied. These strains presented different CHX genotypes, namely the P102H mutation in DNA-binding response regulator ChtR in two strains showing twofold increased MICCHX and/or MBCCHX, and an absent EfrEF transporter in a strain exhibiting increased CHX susceptibility after exposure. Whole-genome comparison between parental and CHX-adapted strains found no alterations in genes with a recognized role in CHX reduced susceptibility. Additionally, in a different assay, subinhibitory CHX exposure enhanced the transfer (up to 12.5-fold) of vancomycin or linezolid resistance genes among most E. faecium strains tested, except one lacking a functional EfrEF transporter. Our data suggest that subinhibitory CHX concentrations could have a role in Enterococcus adaptation to CHX and in the spread of antibiotic resistance through horizontal transfer events. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these phenomena in E. faecium, ensuring the continued effectiveness of both CHX and antibiotics, and safeguarding Public Health. (c) 2025 The Authors

P31-27 Mitochondria-Targeted Edaravone Derivatives as Neuroprotective Agents

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: P31-27 Mitochondria-Targeted Edaravone Derivatives as Neuroprotective Agents

Trihydroxylated Anthocyanins Potentiate Effects of Docetaxel in Mesenchymal Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Trihydroxylated Anthocyanins Potentiate Effects of Docetaxel in Mesenchymal Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells Abstract: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to its poor prognosis and limited treatment options. While anthocyanins, a group of flavonoids, exhibit promising anticancer potential, their structureactivity relationship and adjuvant properties in TNBC remain underexplored. This study evaluated the anti-proliferative effects of five structurally distinct anthocyani(di)nscyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside (D3G), delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside (D3R), malvidin-3-O-glucoside (M3G), and luteolinidin (LT)on mesenchymal TNBC cells. Combination assays of docetaxel (DT), a first-line chemotherapeutic agent, with the most potent anthocyani(di)ns were conducted with TNBC and MCF-12A non-cancerous cells. Trihydroxylated anthocyanins (D3G and D3R), particularly those with a monosaccharide at C3, demonstrated the strongest anti-proliferative effects, reducing MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation by 95% and 70%, respectively, at 400 M (IC50: 253.28 and 341.33 M) without affecting MCF-12A cells. These were followed by 3-deoxy (LT), dihydroxylated (C3G), and O-methylated (M3G) anthocyani(di)ns. In Hs 578T mesenchymal TNBC cells, the trihydroxylated anthocyanins tested also induced strong anti-proliferative effects. Synergistic effects (combination index < 0.9) were observed for binary (D3G + DT or D3R + DT) and ternary (D3G + D3R + DT) combinations, reducing DT concentrations by up to 37-fold and anthocyanin concentrations by up to 21.9-fold to achieve similar inhibition. The ternary combination was the most effective, requiring the lowest concentrations of DT and anthocyanins. These results underscore the critical role of the ortho-trihydroxylated structure in the anti-proliferative effects of anthocyani(di)ns, highlighting trihydroxylated anthocyanins as promising adjuvants in TNBC treatment, with the potential to lower DT dosage, minimize side effects, delay resistance, and reduce treatment costs while maintaining efficacy. (c) 2025 The Author(s). BioFactors published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Street food in Maputo, Mozambique: Availability and nutritional value of homemade foods

Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Street food in Maputo, Mozambique: Availability and nutritional value of homemade foods Abstract: Background: A nutrition transition is occurring in the urban areas of developing countries, where street food makes an important contribution to daily food intake. Aim: We aimed to characterise street food offer in Maputo, Mozambique, and to evaluate the nutritional composition of the most common homemade foods. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014. Streets in the surroundings (500 m buffer) of randomly selected public transport stops in KaMpfumu district, Maputo, were canvassed to identify all street food vending sites (n = 968). Information regarding vending site characteristics and the food offered was gathered through interview and observation. Samples (n = 80) of the most common homemade foods were collected for laboratorial analysis. Results: Most street food vending sites identified were stationary (77.4%) and sold exclusively industrial food (51.9%). Frequency of fruit, beverages and food other than fruit was 24.5%, 32.5% and 73.9%, respectively. Fried cakes were the most energy-dense (430 kcal/100 g), and richest in fats (21.0g/100 g) and carbohydrates (53.4 g/100 g). The richest sources of protein were the stewed meat/fish/liver dishes (10.711.6 g/100 g). Fried cakes showed the lowest sodium and potassium content (90 mg/100 g and 81 mg/100 g, respectively) whereas hamburgers exhibited the highest content of those micronutrients (455 mg/100 g and 183 mg/100 g, respectively). Stewed liver dishes presented the highest sodium/potassium ratio (11.95). Fried snacks presented the highest trans-fatty acid content (0.20 g/100 g). Conclusions: Street food in Maputo is abundant and scattered throughout the urban district, exhibiting high variability in the nutritional composition of homemade foods. Public health policies should be targeted to improve the street food offer, promoting nutrient-dense foods and the reduction of added salt. (c) The Author(s) 2018.

Methodological approaches for the assessment of bisphenol A exposure

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Methodological approaches for the assessment of bisphenol A exposure

Street food in Eastern Europe: a perspective from an urban environment in Moldova

Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Street food in Eastern Europe: a perspective from an urban environment in Moldova Abstract: Street food is popular in Eastern Europe, but its diversity and nutritional value are unknown. This study aimed to characterise the street food environment in Chisinau, Moldova, including the vending sites and vendors, food availability and nutritional composition of foods and beverages. All street food vending sites (single point of sale) located in a 1-km buffer centred on the main public market were systematically selected (n439;n328 participants). Data on vending sites' characteristics (mobility, type of physical set-up and access to electricity), operating periods and food availability were collected. Samples of the most commonly available foods of unknown composition were collected (twenty-eight home-made and twenty-four industrial). Macronutrients, Na and K were quantified through chemical analysis. Fruits, beverages and food other than fruits were available in 2 center dot 5, 74 center dot 3 and 80 center dot 8 % of the vending sites, respectively. Among the latter, 66 center dot 4 % sold only industrial foods (e.g. pretzels, biscuits, wafers, chocolate and ice cream), 21 center dot 5 % only home-made (e.g. savoury and sweet pastries) and 12 center dot 1 % both. Home-made foods presented larger serving sizes and energy/serving (median kJ/serving: 1312 center dot 5v.670 center dot 3,P= 0 center dot 022); industrial foods were more energy-dense (median kJ/100 g: 1797 center dot 0v.1269 center dot 8,P= 0 center dot 002). High SFA,trans-fat and Na contents were found, reaching 10 center dot 9 g/serving, 1 center dot 4 g/serving and 773 center dot 7 mg/serving, respectively. Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages were available in 80 center dot 7 and 42 center dot 0 % of the vending sites selling beverages, respectively. Concluding, industrial snacks and home-made pastries high in Na and unhealthy fat were frequent in Chisinau. Prevention of diet-related diseases in Moldova may benefit from the improvement of the nutritional profile of street food.